Airline E Ticket Issuing Training Manual

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Basic entries before issuing e-ticket. This product is designed to greatly reduce the costs and manual. When the airline revalidates and reissues an e-ticket.

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(February 2015) Airline reservation systems ( ARS) are part of the so-called (PSS), which are applications supporting the direct contact with the passenger. ARS eventually evolved into the (CRS). A computer reservation system is used for the reservations of a particular airline and interfaces with a (GDS) which supports travel agencies and other distribution channels in making reservations for most major airlines in a single system. Contents.

Overview Airline reservation systems incorporate airline schedules, passenger reservations and ticket records. An airline's direct distribution works within their own reservation system, as well as pushing out information to the GDS. The second type of direct distribution channel are consumers who use the internet or mobile applications to make their own reservations. Travel agencies and other indirect distribution channels access the same GDS as those accessed by the airline reservation systems, and all messaging is transmitted by a standardized messaging system that functions on two types of messaging that transmit on SITA's high level network (HLN). These messaging types are called Type A usually EDIFACT format for real time interactive communication and Type B TTY for informational and booking type of messages. Message construction standards set by IATA and ICAO, are global, and apply to more than air transportation. Since airline reservation systems are business critical applications, and they are functionally quite complex, the operation of an in-house airline reservation system is relatively expensive.

Prior to deregulation, airlines owned their own reservation systems with travel agents subscribing to them. Today, the GDS are run by independent companies with airlines and travel agencies being major subscribers. As of February 2009, there are only four major GDS providers in the market:, (which operates the Apollo, and systems), and Shares.

There is one major Regional GDS, Abacus, serving the Asian market and a number of regional players serving single countries, including Travelsky (China), and (both Japan) and Topas (South Korea). Of these, Infini is hosted within the Sabre complex, Axess is in the process of moving into a partition within the Worldspan complex, and Topas agencies will be migrating into Amadeus. Reservation systems may host 'ticket-less' airlines and 'hybrid' airlines that use in addition to ticket-less to accommodate code-shares and. In addition to these 'standardized' GDS, some airlines have proprietary versions which they use to run their flight operations.

A few examples are Delta's OSS and Deltamatic systems and EDS SHARES. SITA Reservations remains the largest neutral multi-host airline reservations system, with over 100 airlines currently managing inventory. Inventory management In the airline industry, available seats are commonly referred to as inventory.

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The inventory of an airline is generally classified into service classes (e.g. First, business or economy class) and up to 26, for which different prices and booking conditions apply. Inventory data is imported and maintained through a schedule distribution system over standardized interfaces. One of the core functions of inventory management is inventory control.

Inventory control steers how many seats are available in the different booking classes, by opening and closing individual booking classes for sale. In combination with the fares and booking conditions stored in the Fare Quote System, the price for each sold seat is determined. In most cases, inventory control has a real time interface to an airline’s system to support a permanent optimization of the offered booking classes in response to changes in demand or pricing strategies of a competitor. Availability display and reservation (PNR) Users access an airline’s inventory through an availability display. It contains all offered flights for a particular city-pair with their available seats in the different booking classes.

This display contains flights which are operated by the airline itself as well as code share flights which are operated in co-operation with another airline. If the city pair is not one on which the airline offers service, it may display a connection using its own flights or display the flights of other airlines. The availability of seats of other airlines is updated through standard industry interfaces. Depending on the type of co-operation, it supports access to the last seat (last seat availability) in real-time.

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Reservations for individual passengers or groups are stored in a so-called (PNR). Among other data, the PNR contains personal information such as name, contact information or special services requests (SSRs) e.g.

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For a vegetarian meal, as well as the flights (segments) and issued tickets. Some reservation systems also allow to store customer data in profiles to avoid data re-entry each time a new reservation is made for a known passenger. In addition, most systems have interfaces to CRM systems or customer loyalty applications (aka frequent traveller systems). Before a flight departs, the so-called passenger name list (PNL) is handed over to the departure control system that is used to check-in passengers and baggage.

Reservation data such as the number of booked passengers and special service requests is also transferred to flight operations systems, crew management and catering systems. Once a flight has departed, the reservation system is updated with a list of the checked-in passengers (e.g. Passengers who had a reservation but did not check in (no shows) and passengers who checked in, but did not have a reservation (go shows)).

Finally, data needed for revenue accounting and reporting is handed over to administrative systems. Fare quote and ticketing. Agent set of the Magnetronic Reservisor system Until the 1950s, airline reservations used manual systems at centralized reservation centers, which consisted of groups of people in a room with physical cards that represented inventory, in this case, seats on airplanes. In the late 1950s, wanted a system that would allow real-time access to flight details in all of its offices, and the integration and automation of its booking and ticketing processes.

Airline E Ticket Issuing Training Manual

It introduced an electronic reservations system, in 1952. In 1964, it developed the (Semi-Automated Business Research Environment). Sabre's breakthrough was its ability to keep inventory correct in real time, accessible to around the world. The of the airline industry, in the, meant that airlines, which had previously operated under government-set fares ensuring airlines at least broke even, now needed to improve efficiency to compete in a.

Airline E Ticket Issuing Training Manual

In this deregulated environment, the ARS and its descendants became vital to the travel industry. See also.